The Non-Maneuverable Canopy (T-11) Personnel Parachute System is the newest personnel parachute system to be adopted by the United States armed forces and the Canadian Army.[1] The T-11 replaces the T-10, introduced in 1955. The T-11 includes a completely redesigned main and reserve parachute and an integrated harness assembly that is suitable for a wider range of soldier weights than the previous system.
Parachutists utilizing the T-11 parachute
The T-10 extended skirt parachute was standardized by the U.S. Government as a troop personnel parachute in the early 1950’s, and has been used successfully since that time with relatively few modifications. ALARACT 275/2014 officially retires the T-10 parachute effective today, 31 Jan 2014. Thanks for all the memories. This entry was posted on Wednesday, December 31st, 2014 at 14:25 and is filed under Parachuting.
Design[edit]
T-11 Main Parachute System design
Parachutists jumping from an MC-130 using the T-11 Personnel Parachute System
The main canopy is a modified version of a cross/cruciform platform. The canopy has an increased inflated diameter of 14 percent and a 28 percent increase in surface area, when compared with the T-10D assembly. The T-11 main canopy utilizes a unique deployment sequence to reduce the opening shock and canopy oscillation. The T-11 is designed to have an average rate of descent of 19 feet per second (5.8 m/s) for the 95th percentile service member, compared with 24 feet per second (7.3 m/s) with the T-10C. This reduction is intended to result in significantly lower landing injury rates for jumpers.[2]
The reserve canopy is a derivative of the British Low Level Parachute (LLP) aero-conical design that includes apex scoop pockets at the top of the reserve canopy and skirt assist lines at the system’s hem to promote fast opening of the reserve system during low-speed malfunctions. Unlike the current reserve parachute system, the T-11R reserve uses an omni-directional, center-pull deployment system. The T-11 harness is designed to displace opening shock forces of the reserve parachute equally along the long axis of the jumper’s body.
The main canopy and harness weighs 38 pounds (17 kg), and the reserve assembly 15 pounds (6.8 kg), for a total of 53 pounds (24 kg). Cliffhanger game free. The main canopy is 30.6 feet (9.3 m) inflated diameters at the hem. The reserve canopy has a 24 feet (7.3 m) nominal diameter.
Use[edit]
The T-11 parachute is in use by the United States armed forces and the Canadian Army. It is also being adopted by the Finnish Defence Forces, first in Europe.[3]
History[edit]
Sims 3 ambitions expansion pack free download for pc. During testing led by the US Army's Airborne and Special Operations Test Directorate, the 2nd Brigade Special Troops Battalion of the 82nd Airborne Division conducted the first mass tactical drop using the T-11 parachute.
On July 12, 2011, the U.S. Army temporarily suspended use of all T-11 parachutes following a malfunction-related fatality at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. Incident investigators found potential issues with the packing, inspection, quality control and function of T-11 parachutes. Secretary of the ArmyJohn McHugh ordered that usage of the T-11 be suspended until a further investigation was completed and any necessary changes made.[4] This ban was lifted on August 4, 2011.[5]
On May 30, 2014 another fatality occurred involving the T-11 parachute during a nighttime jump at the Fort Bragg, North Carolina, Holland Drop Zone.[6] The investigation found that the main contributing factor in the accident was the jumpmaster's failure to check the paratrooper's equipment prior to the jump, and the Army implemented policy changes as a result.[7]
On July 14, 2016, Sgt. Arturo Godinez Valenzuela, 31, a paratrooper from the Mexican Army, died using the T-11 parachute in an 82nd Airborne Division training exercise at Fort Bragg. The cause of death was multiple blunt force injuries during a high-elevation fall.[8]
References[edit]
D3doverrider windows 10 download. This article incorporates public domain material from the United States Army website https://peosoldier.army.mil/newpeo/Equipment/Temp.asp?id=CIE_T11.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T-11_parachute&oldid=918682559'
US Armyparatroopers utilizing the T-10D Parachute during an airborne operation from a C-130.
T 10 Parachute Manual Pdf
The T-10 Parachute is a series of static line-deployed parachutes used by the United States armed forces for combat mass-assault airborne operations and training. The T-10 parachute was introduced in the early 1950s. In 1976, the B model introduced the anti-inversion net; in 1986, the C model was introduced, which changed the pocket band free length from 4' to 7½'. The T-10D, adopted in 2000, includes the detachable pack tray, which in itself includes the 15' universal static line and 5' extension static line. The T-10D is currently being replaced by the T-11 parachute system. In 2006, all T-10C parachutes were revised by adding one static line stow bar to each side of the pack tray; the material for the T-10C was also changed to the Army's Foliage Green #504.
Design[edit]
Depending upon air density and the jumper’s total weight, the parachute’s average rate of descent is from 22 to 24 feet per second (6.7 to 7.3 m/s); total suspended weight limitation is 360 pounds (160 kg). The parachute is deployed using either a 15 or 20 feet (4.6 or 6.1 m) static line, allowing the parachutist to be delivered by either C-130 or C-17 aircraft. The T-10D main parachute is a parabolic-shape and has a nominal diameter of 35 feet (11 m) with 30 suspension lines. The entire assembly weighs 31 pounds (14 kg). Paratroopers can be dropped from an aircraft at a maximum speed of 173 mph (150 kn), at a minimum of 500 ft (150 m). Maximum jump wind speed is 15 mph (13 kn).
The T-10D Parachute assembly consists of five components: pack tray, troop harness, deployment bag, risers, and canopy. The parachute has a combined service life of 16.5 years; service life is 12 years and shelf life is 4.5 years. The T-10D Parachute must be repacked every 120 days. The T-10D Parachute is made of nylon materials commonly used in the manufacturing of parachutes.
The Modified Improved Reserve Parachute System (MIRPS) includes a standard T-10 reserve parachute canopy assembly, integrated with a commercial deployment assistance device composed of a bridle line, pilot parachute, and spring. The pack tray includes a line bag for stowing suspension lines and an inner staging flap that holds the reserve parachute until sufficient tension is achieved through the bridle/pilot parachute assembly during deployment. The MIRPS pack tray is slightly larger than that of the T-10 reserve pack tray so it can accommodate a larger pilot chute, spring, and bridle. The pack tray has a yellow stripe along the rip cord protector flap and is made of nylon textile materials commonly used to make parachute systems.
Free Parachute Manuals
There are derivates using this general design, like the MC1-1B parachute. The basic canopy is the same as the T-10B assembly, except that there are orifices or cut-out areas in 11 of the 30 gores, creating a gliding type descent. The canopy has two control lines, each extending from an outboard orifice to toggles which may be manipulated in such a way as to make 360° turns. It has a 3 3/4inch mesh anti-inversion net attached to the skirt of the canopy that extends 18- inches below the canopy shirt.
T-10 Parachute CharacteristicsReferences[edit]
This article incorporates public domain material from the United States Army website https://peosoldier.army.mil/newpeo/Equipment/Temp.asp?id=CIE_T10DP.
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T-10_parachute&oldid=868979286'
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